Finally, I argue that future studies should investigate a feedback loop between community and evolutionary dynamics beyond unidirectional studies on effects of evolution on a community or vice versa. Furthermore, I highlight community context evolution in which multiple species interactions and community composition affect trait evolution of a community member. Also, I discuss effects of genetic variation in herbivores on plant-associated arthropod communities. I discuss roles of both genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity as a source of trait variation in plants in shaping plant-associated arthropod communities. In this paper, I review recent findings in evolutionary community ecology in plant-associated arthropods in terrestrial ecosystems. Evolutionary community ecology addresses how intraspecific trait variation in community members is essential for predicting community properties and, how community properties are a key component of the selective forces that determine genetic and phenotypic variation in a community member. This emerging research area, which aims to synthesize community ecology and evolutionary biology, is evolutionary community ecology. In the 21st century, researchers have attempted a synthesis between community ecology and evolutionary biology.
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